（專題）科系認同對管理學院大學生創業意圖的調節作用
作者:國立臺灣大學生物產業傳播暨發展學系王淑美、國立臺灣大學生物產業傳播暨發展學系暨心理學系岳修平、南華大學文化創意事業管理學系黃昱凱、國立臺灣大學生物產業傳播暨發展學系康維真
卷期：65卷第4期
日期：2020年12月
頁碼：1-29
DOI：10.6209/JORIES.202012_65(4).0001
摘要：
本研究以計畫行為理論為研究架構，並以科系認同作為調節變項，探索管理學院科系認同對管理學院大學生創業意圖形成的機制中所擔任的角色。研究結果發現科系認同較高的群組，其創業意圖受到創業態度與創業自我效能之影響，而科系認同較低的群組，其創業意圖則會受到創業態度與創業環境支持所影響。至於科系認同在創業自我效能對創業意圖的影響關係中會有調節效果，進一步分析發現科系認同高低的兩個群組分別形成兩套不同的運作機制。此外，在比較科系間的差異後，發現工商管理學系學生的創業意圖顯著高於其他科系的學生，但科系認同卻顯著較低。經檢視系所核心能力與課程配置後發現，系所核心能力培養目標的差異可能是影響學生科系認同、創業自我效能與創業意圖的背後因素，但這是否就是科系認同對創業意圖造成調節效果的原因，則需後續更多研究投入。
關鍵詞：計畫行為理論、科系認同、創業意圖、管理教育
《詳全文》
參考文獻：
- 李紋霞、符碧真（2017）。全球視野在地化的校務研究：以國立臺灣大學經驗為例。教育科學研究期刊，62（4），1-25。doi:10.6209/JORIES.2017.62(4).01【Lee, J. W.-S., & Fwu, B.-J. (2017). Think globally and act locally: National Taiwan University’s experience of institutional research. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 62(4), 1-25. doi:10.6209/JORIES.2017.62(4).01】
- 張紹勳（2000）。研究方法。臺中市：滄海書局。【Chang, S.-S. (2000). Research method. Taichung, Taiwan: Tsanghai.】
- 教育部（2019）。教育部108年度施政計畫。取自https://www.yda.gov.tw/Content/Messagess/contents.aspx?&SiteID=563426067575657313&MmmID=653624307351623455&MSID=1002134272002704555【Ministry of Education. (2019). Ministry of Education objectives for 2019(January-December). Retrieved from https://www.yda.gov.tw/Content/Messagess/contents.aspx?&SiteID=563426067575657313&MmmID=653624307351623455&MSID=1002134272002704555】
- 符碧真（2018）。素養導向國教新課綱的師資培育：國立臺灣大學「探究式－素養導向的師資培育」理想芻議。教育科學研究期刊，63（4），59-87。doi:10.6209/JORIES.201812_63(4).0003【Fwu, B.-J. (2018). Teacher preparation in response to competence-based curriculum reform for K-12 education: National Taiwan University’s proposal of inquiry-based and competence-based teacher education. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 63(4), 59-87. doi:10.6209/JORIES.201812_63(4).0003】
- 陳正昌、張慶勳（2007）。量化研究與統計分析。臺北市：新學林。【Chen, C.-C., & Chang, C.-H. (2007). Quantification research and statistics analysis. Taipei, Taiwan: Sharing.】
» 展開更多
- 李紋霞、符碧真（2017）。全球視野在地化的校務研究：以國立臺灣大學經驗為例。教育科學研究期刊，62（4），1-25。doi:10.6209/JORIES.2017.62(4).01【Lee, J. W.-S., & Fwu, B.-J. (2017). Think globally and act locally: National Taiwan University’s experience of institutional research. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 62(4), 1-25. doi:10.6209/JORIES.2017.62(4).01】
- 張紹勳（2000）。研究方法。臺中市：滄海書局。【Chang, S.-S. (2000). Research method. Taichung, Taiwan: Tsanghai.】
- 教育部（2019）。教育部108年度施政計畫。取自https://www.yda.gov.tw/Content/Messagess/contents.aspx?&SiteID=563426067575657313&MmmID=653624307351623455&MSID=1002134272002704555【Ministry of Education. (2019). Ministry of Education objectives for 2019(January-December). Retrieved from https://www.yda.gov.tw/Content/Messagess/contents.aspx?&SiteID=563426067575657313&MmmID=653624307351623455&MSID=1002134272002704555】
- 符碧真（2018）。素養導向國教新課綱的師資培育：國立臺灣大學「探究式－素養導向的師資培育」理想芻議。教育科學研究期刊，63（4），59-87。doi:10.6209/JORIES.201812_63(4).0003【Fwu, B.-J. (2018). Teacher preparation in response to competence-based curriculum reform for K-12 education: National Taiwan University’s proposal of inquiry-based and competence-based teacher education. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 63(4), 59-87. doi:10.6209/JORIES.201812_63(4).0003】
- 陳正昌、張慶勳（2007）。量化研究與統計分析。臺北市：新學林。【Chen, C.-C., & Chang, C.-H. (2007). Quantification research and statistics analysis. Taipei, Taiwan: Sharing.】
- 陳靜誼、曾靖婷、胡宜芳、曾馨儀、王郁娟（2017）。科系認同感、科系投入與職涯態度之探討─以科技大學醫管系為例。華醫學報，47，1-26。【Chen, C.-I, Zeng, J.-T., Hu, Y.-F., Zeng, S.-Y., & Wang, Y.-J. (2017). The relationship among department identification, engagement and career attitude－A study of students in healthcare administration at technology universities. Bulletin of Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, 47, 1-26.】
- 曾紀幸、林子娟、郭信智（2017）。線上群眾募資平台之參與意圖與行為。行銷評論，14（3），231-262。【Tseng, C.-H., Lin, Z.-J., & Kuo, H.-C. (2017). The influencing factors of the intention and behavior of participating in online crowdfunding. Marketing Review, 14(3), 231-262.】
- 黃詩媛、陳學志、劉子鍵、張鑑如、蔡孟寧（2018）。《師大學報》與《教育科學研究期刊》60年之內容分析。教育科學研究期刊，63（1），1-31。doi:10.6209/JORIES.2018.63(1).01【Huang, S.-Y., Chen, H.-C., Liu, T.-C., Chang, C.-J., & Tsai, M.-N. (2018). Research content analysis for a period of 60 years for the Journal of National Taiwan Normal University and Journal of Research in Education Sciences. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 63(1), 1-31. doi:10.6209/JORIES.2018.63(1).01】
- 鄭博仁（2011）。農學院大學生的科系認同與農業態度之研究（未出版碩士論文）。國立臺灣大學，臺北市。【Cheng, P.-J. (2011). A study of agriculture students’ department identification and attitudes toward agriculture (Unpublished master’s thesis). National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.】
- 鄭博仁、岳修平、陳姿伶（2011）。農學類科大一新生學系投入、職涯態度與科系認同感之初探研究。臺灣農學會報，12（6），582-610。doi:10.6730/JAAT.201112_12(6).0006【Cheng, P.-J., Yueh, H.-P., & Chen, T.-L. (2011). Exploring agriculture freshmen’s engagement, career attitude and identification of college majors. Journal of the Agricultural Association of Taiwan, 12(6), 582-610. doi:10.6730/JAAT.201112_12(6).0006】
- Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211. doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
- Ajzen, I. (2002). Constructing a TpB questionnaire: Conceptual and methodological considerations.Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0574/b20bd58130dd5a961f1a2db10fd1fcbae95d.pdf
- Ajzen, I. (2015). The theory of planned behaviour is alive and well, and not ready to retire: A commentary on Sniehotta, Presseau, and Araújo-Soares. Health Psychology Review, 9(2), 131-137. doi:10.1080/17437199.2014.883474
- Alam, M. Z., Kousar, S., & Rehman, C. A. (2019). Role of entrepreneurial motivation on entrepreneurial intentions and behaviour: Theory of planned behaviour extension on engineering students in Pakistan. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(1), 50.doi:10.1186/s40497-019-0175-1
- Al-Jubari, I., Hassan, A., & Liñán, F. (2019). Entrepreneurial intention among University students in Malaysia: Integrating self-determination theory and the theory of planned behavior.International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 15(4), 1323-1342. doi:10.1007/s11365-018-0529-0
- Alzahrani, K., Hall-Phillips, A., & Zeng, A. Z. (2019). Applying the theory of reasoned action to understanding consumers’ intention to adopt hybrid electric vehicles in Saudi Arabia. Transportation, 46(1), 199-215. doi:10.1007/s11116-017-9801-3
- Amway Global Entrepreneurship Report. (2016). Entrepreneurship in a changing work environment. Retrieved from https://23hizqizbc2qqq8o9r5c6tuk-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/ager_2016_publication.pdf
- Ashforth, B. E., Harrison, S. H., & Corley, K. G. (2008). Identification in organizations: An examination of four fundamental questions. Journal of Management, 34(3), 325-374. doi:10.1177/0149206308316059
- Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business [AACSB] International. (2013). AACSB White Papers. Retrieved from https://www.aacsb.edu/accreditation/resources/white-papers
- Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business [AACSB]International.(2019). 2018 eligibility procedures and accreditation standards for accounting accreditation. Retrieved fromhttps://www.aacsb.edu/-/media/aacsb/docs/accreditation/accounting/standards-and-tables/2018-accounting-standards.ashx?la=en&hash=8DCDA6CE3B0CEF6AB82D39CBF53995DA96111196
- Bandura, A. (1986). Fearful expectations and avoidant actions as coeffects of perceived self-inefficacy.American Psychologist, 41(12), 1389-1391. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.41.12.1389
- Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G. V., & Pastorelli, C. (1996). Multifaceted impact of self-efficacy beliefs on academic functioning. Child Development, 67(3), 1206-1222. doi:10.2307/1131888
- Bhargava, G. (1985). Professional identification: A study of female students at a medical college in India. Social Science & Medicine, 20(11), 1169-1175. doi:10.1016/0277-9536(85)90194-7
- Bretones, F. D., & Radrigán, M. (2018). Attitudes to entrepreneurship: The case of Chilean and Spanish university students. Socialy Cooperativa, 94, 11-30. doi:10.7203/CIRIEC-E.94.12668
- Chen, C.-C., Greene, P. G., & Crick, A. (1998). Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers? Journal of Business Venturing, 13(4), 295-316. doi:10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00029-3
- Christenson, S. L., Reschly, A. L., & Wylie, C. (Eds.). (2012). Handbook of research on student engagement. New York, NY: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-2018-7
- Farida, S., Thomas, P., & Prihandono, D. (2020). The entrepreneurship interest of XI grade marketing students in vocational highschools in Semarang. Journal of Economic Education, 9(1), 19-27. doi:10.15294/jeec.v8i2.35187
- Gee, J. P. (2000). Identity as an analytic lens for research in education. Review of Research in Education,25(1), 99-125. doi:10.2307/1167322
- Green, M., Emery, A., Sanders, M., & Anderman, L. H. (2016). Another path to belonging: A case study of middle school students’ perspectives. The Educational and Developmental Psychologist, 33(1), 85-96. doi:10.1017/edp.2016.4
- Guilford, J. P. (1942). Fundamental statistics in psychology and education. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
- Hockerts, K. (2017). Determinants of social entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(1), 105-130. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2688314
- Jones, B. D., Paretti, M. C., Hein, S. F., & Knott, T. W. (2010). An analysis of motivation constructs with first‐year engineering students: Relationships among expectancies, values, achievement, and career plans. Journal of Engineering Education, 99(4), 319-336. doi:10.1002/j.2168-9830.2010.tb01066.x
- Kaijun, Y., & Sholihah, P. I. (2015). A comparative study of the Indonesia and Chinese educative systems concerning the dominant incentives to entrepreneurial spirit (desire for a new venturing) of business school students. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 4(1), 1-16. doi:10.1186/s13731-014-0014-0
- Karnowski, V., Leonhard, L., & Kümpel, A. S. (2018). Why users share the news: A theory of reasoned action-based study on the antecedents of news-sharing behavior. Communication Research Reports, 35(2), 91-100. doi:10.1080/08824096.2017.1379984
- Kautonen, T., van Gelderen, M., & Fink, M. (2015). Robustness of the theory of planned behavior in predicting entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(3), 655-674. doi:10.1111/etap.12056
- Krueger Jr., N. F., & Carsrud, A. L. (1993). Entrepreneurial intentions: Applying the theory of planned behaviour. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 5(4), 315-330. doi:10.1080/08985629300000020
- Krueger Jr., N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5-6), 411-432. doi:10.1016/S0883-9026(98)00033-0
- Kuratko, D. F. (2005). The emergence of entrepreneurship education: Development, trends, and challenges. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29(5), 577-597. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2005.00099.x
- Kwon, H. H., & Armstrong, K. L. (2002). Factors influencing impulse buying of sport team licensed merchandise. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 11(3), 151-163.
- Lackéus, M. (2015). Entrepreneurship in education (OECD Report). Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/cfe/leed/BGP_Entrepreneurship-in-Education.pdf
- Liñán, F., & Chen, Y.-W. (2009). Development and cross-cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 593-617. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00318.x
- Lüthje, C., & Franke, N. (2003). The ‘making’ of an entrepreneur: Testing a model of entrepreneurial intent among engineering students at MIT. R&d Management, 33(2), 135-147. doi:10.1111/1467-9310.00288
- Nabi, G., Walmsley, A., Liñán, F., Akhtar, I., & Neame, C. (2018). Does entrepreneurship education in the first year of higher education develop entrepreneurial intentions? The role of learning and inspiration. Studies in Higher Education,43(3), 452-467. doi:10.1080/03075079.2016.1177716
- Nieuwenhuizen, C., & Swanepoel, E. (2015). Comparison of the entrepreneurial intent of master’s business students in developing countries: South Africa and Poland. Acta Commercii, 15(1). doi:10.4102/ac.v15i1.270
- Nunnally, J. C. (1967). Psychometric theory. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
- Obschonka, M., Goethner, M., Silbereisen, R. K., & Cantner, U. (2012). Social identity and the transition to entrepreneurship: The role of group identification with workplace peers. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(1), 137-147. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2011.05.007
- Özer, G., & Yilmaz, E. (2011). Comparison of the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior: An application on accountants’ information technology usage. African Journal of Business Management, 5(1), 50-58. doi:10.5897/AJBM10.389
- Pihie, Z. A. L., & Akmaliah, Z. (2009). Entrepreneurship as a career choice: An analysis of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intention of university students. European Journal of Social Sciences,9(2), 338-349.
- Pike, G. R., Kuh, G. D., & Gonyea, R. M. (2003). The relationship between institutional mission and students’ involvement and educational outcomes. Research in Higher Education,44(2), 241-261. doi:10.1023/A:1022055829783
- Potishuk, V., & Kratzer, J. (2017). Factors affecting entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial attitudes in higher education. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 20(1), 25-44.
- Russo, T. C. (1998). Organizational and professional identification: A case of newspaper journalists. Management Communication Quarterly, 12(1), 72-111. doi:10.1177/0893318998121003
- Sniehotta, F. F., Presseau, J., & Araújo-Soares, V. (2014). Time to retire the theory of planned behaviour. Health Psychology Review, 8(1), 1-7. doi:10.1080/17437199.2013.869710
- Souitaris, V., Zerbinati, S., & Al-Laham, A. (2007). Do entrepreneurship programmes raise entrepreneurial intention of science and engineering students? The effect of learning, inspiration and resources. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(4), 566-591. doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2006.05.002
- Sousa, P., Cruz, J. N., & Wilks, D. C. (2018). Entrepreneurial intentions of law students: The moderating role of personality traits on attitude’s effects.Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 21(3), 1-13.
- Tajfel, H. (1974). Social identity and intergroup behaviour. Social Science Information, 13(2), 65-93. doi:10.1177/053901847401300204
- Terry, D. J., Hogg, M. A., & McKimmie, B. M. (2000). Attitude‐behaviour relations: The role of in‐group norms and mode of behavioural decision‐making. British Journal of Social Psychology, 39(3), 337-361. doi:10.1348/014466600164534
- Wang, S.-M., Yueh, H.-P., & Wen, P.-C. (2019). How the new type of entrepreneurship education complements the traditional one in developing entrepreneurial competencies and intention. Frontiers in Psychology,10, 2048. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02048
- Wilson, F., Kickul, J., & Marlino, D. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial career intentions: Implications for entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(3), 387-406. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00179.x
- Yueh, H.-P., Chen, T.-L., & Cheng, P.-J. (2014). Department identification, professional identification, and attitudes toward agriculture in agriculture college students. TheAsia-Pacific Education Researcher, 23(3), 671-681. doi:10.1007/s40299-013-0139-0
- Yueh, H.-P., Wu, Y. J., & Chen, W.-F. (2020). The psychology and education of entrepreneurial development. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00027
Journal directory listing - Volume 65 (2020) - Journal of Research in Education Sciences【65(4)】December (Special Issue: Professional Development and Educational Innovation in Higher Education: Retrospect and Prospect)
(Special Issue) Entrepreneurial Intentions of Management Students: Moderating Effects of Department Identification
Author: Shu-Mei Wang (Department of Bio-Industry Communication and Development, National Taiwan University), Hsiu-Ping Yueh (Department of Bio-Industry Communication and Development, Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University), Yu-Kai Huang (Department of Cultural and Creative Enterprise Management, Nauhua University), Wei-Chen Kang (Department of Bio-Industry Communication and Development, National Taiwan University)
Vol.&No.：Vol. 65, No. 4
Date：December 2020
Pages：1-29
DOI：10.6209/JORIES.202012_65(4).0001
Abstract：
This study employed theory of planned behavior as the research framework and utilized department identification as a modulating variable to explore the role of department identity in the formation of college students’ entrepreneurial intentions. After a comparative analysis of the models, the entrepreneurial intent of the higher-level department identification group was found to be affected by attitude and self-efficacy, whereas the lower-level department identification group was affected by attitude and social support. Students with different levels of department identification adopted different mechanisms to develop their entrepreneurial intentions. This finding was conducive to the improvement of entrepreneurship education in management schools. A further comparison between departments revealed that the entrepreneurship intentions of students from the business administration department were significantly higher than those of students in other departments; however, department identification was significantly lower than that of other departments. The results show that the differences in the core competence of the department may be the background factors that affect students’ department identification, entrepreneurial efficacy and entrepreneurial intention. However, whether departmental core competence is the reason why department identification has a moderating effect on entrepreneurial intentions warrants further research.
Keywords：theory of planned behavior, department identification, entrepreneurial intentions, management education