師大學報 - 教育科學研究期刊 - 期刊目錄列表 - 66卷(2021) - 【教育科學研究期刊】66(4)十二月刊（本期專題：校園成癮行為暨防制）

以作者名、篇名、關鍵字或DOI查詢

CONTRIBUTORS
NOTICE

[Guide for Submission]

稿約

[Style for Thesis Writing]

論文撰寫體例

[Review of Research Papers]

論文審查要點

[The Copyright]

著作權處理要點

[Flow of Review System]

審查制度流程

[Regulations Governing]

編審委員會設置要點

[Editorial Board]

本年度編審委員

[Advisory Board]

本年度諮詢委員

[Form Download]

相關表單下載

《教育科學研究期刊》「高等教育的教學卓越」專題徵稿(截稿日至2025/09/30) 《教育科學研究期刊》「社會情緒學習｣專題徵稿(截稿日至2024/10/31) 《教育科學研究期刊》「高齡教育」專題徵稿(截稿日至2024/12/31)

期刊目錄列表 - 66卷(2021) - 【教育科學研究期刊】66(4)十二月刊（本期專題：校園成癮行為暨防制）

回上一頁

（專題）技術型高中學生的媽寶行為覺知、學業成就動機與手機成癮之相關研究作者:國立臺灣師範大學學習科學跨國頂尖研究中心洪榮昭、國立臺北科技大學技術及職業教育研究所葉貞妮、北京師範大學教育學部暨博仁大學葉建宏、國立臺灣師範大學工業教育學系王志美、北京師範大學教育學部崔鈺婷

卷期：66卷第4期
日期：2021年12月
頁碼：1-33
DOI：https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.202112_66(4).0001

摘要：
隨著行動網路普及，人與人之間的通訊變得更加便利，也造成人們高度依賴手機。然而，手機使用失去控制已對健康造成嚴重危害，如成癮等。孩子的行為控制經常依賴於父母教養方式，尤其是華人父母在教養孩子方面與歐美國家的父母相比，會更加關注地自己的子女。這代表華人父母更關注於孩子的學業和生活，並形成更多按照父母親意志且欠缺獨立思考的媽寶，這將可能激起或停止孩子的手機成癮問題。本研究針對技術型高中學生進行問卷調查，有效問卷共290份，並對數據進行結構方程模式的驗證性因素分析。本研究採用生態系統理論，由AMOS 20建模，並從數據分析的結果進行分析。本研究發現：一、生活媽寶覺知與課業媽寶覺知對學業成就動機呈現負向影響；二、學業成就動機對手機成癮呈現負向影響；三、生活媽寶覺知與課業媽寶覺知對手機成癮呈現正向影響；四、生活媽寶覺知與課業媽寶覺知經由學業成就動機對手機成癮有正向的間接影響。研究結果證明，過分依賴父母的技術型高中學生有較低的學業成就動機，並無法控制手機的使用，因此造成手機成癮。換言之，父母應避免過多的日常生活與學業控制，以減少孩子手機使用的需求性。

關鍵詞：人─過程─內容、手機成癮、生態系統理論、媽寶行為覺知、學業成就動機

《詳全文》

參考文獻：

林漢唐、陳慧娟（2016）。家長網路管教、學校投入與青少年危險網路行為之關係：家庭凝聚力之調節效果分析。教育科學研究期刊，61（4），205-242。https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES. 2016.61(4).08【Lin, H.-T., & Chen, H.-J. (2016). Relationships between parental internet intervention, school engagement, and risky online behaviors among adolescents: The moderatoring role of family cohesion. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 61(4), 205-242. https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.2016.61(4).08】
曾明基（2019）。縱貫性網路使用行為對學業成就的影響：潛藏轉移模型分析取向。教育科學研究期刊，64（4），31-59。https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.201912_64(4).0002【Tseng, M.-C. (2019). The effect of the internet use behavior on academic achievement: Latent transition model analysis. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 64(4), 31-59. https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.201912_ 64(4).0002】
Abedi, G., Rostami, F., & Nadi, A. (2015). Analyzing the dimensions of the quality of life in hepatitis B patientsusing confirmatory factor analysis. Global Journal of Health Science, 7(7), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v7n7p22
Abedini, Y., Zamani, B. E., Kheradmand, A., & Rajabizadeh, G. (2012) Impacts of mothers’ occupation status and parenting styles on levels of self-control, addiction to computer games, and educational progress of adolescents. Addict Health, 4(3-4), 102-110. https://doi.org/10. 221222/AHJ.V413-4.106
Ahmad, S., Zulkurnain, N. N. A., & Khairushalimi, F. I. (2016). Assessing the validity and reliability of a measurement model in structural equation modeling (SEM). British Journal of Mathematics & Computer Science, 15(3), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMCS/2016/25183

» 展開更多

林漢唐、陳慧娟（2016）。家長網路管教、學校投入與青少年危險網路行為之關係：家庭凝聚力之調節效果分析。教育科學研究期刊，61（4），205-242。https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES. 2016.61(4).08【Lin, H.-T., & Chen, H.-J. (2016). Relationships between parental internet intervention, school engagement, and risky online behaviors among adolescents: The moderatoring role of family cohesion. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 61(4), 205-242. https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.2016.61(4).08】
曾明基（2019）。縱貫性網路使用行為對學業成就的影響：潛藏轉移模型分析取向。教育科學研究期刊，64（4），31-59。https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.201912_64(4).0002【Tseng, M.-C. (2019). The effect of the internet use behavior on academic achievement: Latent transition model analysis. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 64(4), 31-59. https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.201912_ 64(4).0002】
Abedi, G., Rostami, F., & Nadi, A. (2015). Analyzing the dimensions of the quality of life in hepatitis B patientsusing confirmatory factor analysis. Global Journal of Health Science, 7(7), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v7n7p22
Abedini, Y., Zamani, B. E., Kheradmand, A., & Rajabizadeh, G. (2012) Impacts of mothers’ occupation status and parenting styles on levels of self-control, addiction to computer games, and educational progress of adolescents. Addict Health, 4(3-4), 102-110. https://doi.org/10. 221222/AHJ.V413-4.106
Ahmad, S., Zulkurnain, N. N. A., & Khairushalimi, F. I. (2016). Assessing the validity and reliability of a measurement model in structural equation modeling (SEM). British Journal of Mathematics & Computer Science, 15(3), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMCS/2016/25183
Anderman, E. M. (2020). Achievement motivation theory: Balancing precision and utility. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 61, 101864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2020.101864
Anderson, J., & Cheers, C. (2018). Does the dark triad predict prejudice?: The role of machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism in explaining negativity toward asylum seekers. Australian Psychologist, 53(3), 271-281. https://doi.org/10.1111/ap.12283
Awang, Z. (2015). SEM made simple: A gentle approach to learning structural equation modeling. MPWS Rich.
Barron, K. E., & Harackiewicz, J. M. (2001). Achievement goals and optimal motivation: Testing multiple goal models. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(5), 706-722. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.80.5.706
Bradley-Geist, J. C., & Olson-Buchanan, J. B. (2014). Helicopter parents: An examination of the correlates of over-parenting of college students. Education+Training, 56(4), 314-328. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-10-2012-0096
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1975). Reality and research in the ecology of human development. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 119(6), 439-469.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist, 32(7), 513-531. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.32.7.513
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (2005). Making human beings human: Bioecological perspectives on human development. Sage.
Bruni, O., Sette, S., Fontanesi, L., Baiocco, R., Laghi, F., & Baumgartner, E. (2015). Technology use and sleep quality in preadolescence and adolescence. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 11(12), 1433-1441. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.5282
Brussoni, M., & Olsen, L. L. (2013). The perils of overprotective parenting: Fathers’ perspectives explored. Child: Care, Health and Development, 39(2), 237-245. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01361.x
Buctot, D. B., Kim, N., & Park, K. E. (2018). Development and evaluation of smartphone detox program for university students. International Journal of Contents, 14(4), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.5392/IJoC.2018.14.4.001
Byrne, B. M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS, EQS, and LISREL: Comparative approaches to testing for the factorial validity of a measuring instrument. International Journal of Testing, 1(1), 55-86. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327574IJT0101_4
Chang, F.-C., Chiu, C.-H., Chen, P.-H., Chiang, J.-T., Miao, N.-F., Chuang, H.-Y., & Liu, S. (2019). Children’s use of mobile devices, smartphone addiction and parental mediation in Taiwan. Computers in Human Behavior, 93, 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.11.048
Chou, H.-L., & Chou, C. (2019). A quantitative analysis of factors related to Taiwan teenagers’ smartphone addiction tendency using a random sample of parent-child dyads. Computers in Human Behavior, 99, 335-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.05.032
Clement, J. (2019). Percentage of all global web pages served to mobile phones from 2009 to 2018. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/241462/global-mobile-phone-website-traffic-share/
Cline, F., & Fay, J. (2006). Parenting teens with love and logic (2nd ed.). Nav Press.
Côté, S., Bouffard, T., & Vezeau, C. (2014). The mediating effect of self-evaluation bias of competence on the relationship between parental emotional support and children’s academic functioning. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 84(3), 415-434. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12045
Coyne, S. M., Padilla-Walker, L. M., & Howard, E. (2013). Emerging in a digital world: A decade review of media use, effects, and gratifications in emerging adulthood. Emerging Adulthood, 1(2), 125-137. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696813479782
Daniel, E., & Benish-Weisman, M. (2019). Value development during adolescence: Dimensions of change and stability. Journal of Personality, 87(3), 620-632. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12420
DeCaro, D. A., DeCaro, M. S., & Rittle-Johnson, B. (2015). Achievement motivation and knowledge development during exploratory learning. Learning and Individual Differences, 37, 13-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2014.10.015
Deneault, A.-A., Gareau, A., Bureau, J.-F., Gaudreau, P., & Lafontaine, M.-F. (2020). Fear of failure mediates the relation between parental psychological control and academic outcomes: A latent mediated-moderation model of parents’ and children’s genders. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 49, 1567-1582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-020-01209-x
Domina, T. (2005). Leveling the home advantage: Assessing the effectiveness of parental involvement in elementary school. Sociology of Education, 78(3), 233-249. https://doi.org/10.1177/003804070507800303
Eccles, J. S., & Wigfield, A. (1995). In the mind of the actor: The structure of adolescents’ achievement task values and expectancy-related beliefs. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(3), 215-225. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167295213003
Elffers, L., & Oort, F. J. (2013). Great expectations: Students’ educational attitudes upon the transition to post-secondary vocational education. Social Psychology of Education, 16, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-012-9192-4
Elliot, A. J. (2005). A conceptual history of the achievement goal construct. In A. Elliot & C. S. Dweck (Eds.), Handbook of competence and motivation (pp. 52-72). Guilford Press.
Fraering, M., & Minor, M. S. (2006). Sense of community: An exploratory study of US consumers of financial services. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 24(5), 284-306. https://doi.org/10.1108/02652320610681738
Gabbard, C., & Krebs, R. (2012). Studying environmental influence on motor development in children. Physical Educator, 69(2), 136-149.
Gao, T., Li, J., Zhang, H., Gao, J., Kong, Y., Hu, Y., & Mei, S. (2018). The influence of alexithymia on mobile phone addiction: The role of depression, anxiety and stress. Journal of Affective Disorders, 225, 761-766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.020
Givertz, M., & Segrin, C. (2014). The association between overinvolved parenting and young adults’ self-efficacy, psychological entitlement, and family communication. Communication Research, 41(8), 1111-1136. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650212456392
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hair, J. F., Gabriel, M. L. D. S., & Patel, V. K. (2014). AMOS covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM): Guidelines on its application as a marketing research tool. Brazilian Journal of Marketing, 13(2), 44-55. https://doi.org/10.5585/REMARK.V13I2.2718
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage.
Hao, Z., Jin, L., Li, Y., Akram, H. R., Saeed, M. F., Ma, J., Ma, H., & Huang, J. (2019). Alexithymia and mobile phone addiction in Chinese undergraduate students: The roles of mobile phone use patterns. Computers in Human Behavior, 97, 51-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.001
Hart, C. H., Newell, L. D., & Olsen, S. F. (2003). Parenting skills and social/communicative competence in childhood. In J. O. Greene & B. R. Burleson (Eds.), Handbook of communication and social interaction skills (pp. 753-797). Lawrence Erlbaum.
Haug, S., Castro, R. P., Kwon, M., Filler, A., Kowatsch, T., & Schaub, M. P. (2015). Smartphone use and smartphone addiction among young people in Switzerland. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4(4), 299-307. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.037
Hawi, N. S., & Samaha, M. (2016). To excel or not to excel: Strong evidence on the adverse effect of smartphone addiction on academic performance. Computers & Education, 98, 81-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.007
Heaven, P. (1996). Adolescent health: The role of individual differences. Routledge.
Hong, J.-C., Hwang, M.-Y., Kuo, Y.-C., & Hsu, W.-Y. (2015). Parental monitoring and helicopter parenting relevant to vocational student’s procrastination and self-regulated learning. Learning and Individual Differences, 42, 139-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2015.08.003
Hong, J.-C., Hwang, M.-Y., Tai, K.-H., & Lin, P.-H. (2017). Intrinsic motivation of Chinese learning in predicting online learning self-efficacy and flow experience relevant to students’ learning progress. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 30(6), 552-574. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2017.1329215
Horvath, J., Mundinger, C., Schmitgen, M. M., Wolf, N. D., Sambataro, F., Hirjak, D., Kubera, K. M., Koenig, J., & Wolf, R. C. (2020). Structural and functional correlates of smartphone addiction. Addictive Behaviors, 105, 106334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106334
Howe, N., & Strauss, W. (2000). Millennials rising: The next great generation. Vintage Books.
Hunt, J. (2008). Make room for daddy…and mommy: Helicopter parents are here! The Journal of Academic Administration in Higher Education, 4(1), 9-11.
Hwang, W., & Jung, E. (2021). Parenting practices, parent-child relationship, and perceived academic control in college students. Journal of Adult Development, 28(1), 37-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-020-09346-0
Judd, T. (2014). Making sense of multitasking: The role of Facebook. Computers & Education, 70, 194-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2013.08.013
Junco, R., & Cotten, S. R. (2012). No A 4 U: The relationship between multitasking and academic performance. Computers & Education, 59(2), 505-514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.023
Jung, E., Hwang, W., Kim, S., Sin, H., Zhang, Y., & Zhao, Z. (2019). Relationships among helicopter parenting, self-efficacy, and academic outcome in American and South Korean college students. Journal of Family Issues, 40(18), 2849-2870. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X19865297
Karbach, J., Gottschling, J., Spengler, M., Hegewald, K., & Spinath, F. M. (2013). Parental involvement and general cognitive ability as predictors of domain-specific academic achievement in early adolescence. Learning and Instruction, 23, 43-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2012.09.004
Kassas, B., & Palma, M. A. (2019). Self-serving biases in social norm compliance. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 159, 388-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2019.02.010
Kim, E., & Koh, E. (2018). Avoidant attachment and smartphone addiction in college students: The mediating effects of anxiety and self-esteem. Computers in Human Behavior, 84, 264-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.037
Kim, Y., Mok, S. Y., & Seidel, T. (2020). Parental influences on immigrant students’ achievement-related motivation and achievement: A meta-analysis. Educational Research Review, 30, 100327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2020.100327
Kiuru, N., Wang, M.-T., Salmela-Aro, K., Kannas, L., Ahonen, T., & Hirvonen, R. (2019). Associations between adolescents’ interpersonal relationships, school well-being, and academic achievement during educational transitions. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 49, 1057-1072. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-01184-y
Kline, P. (2013). Handbook of psychological testing (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315812274
Kriegbaum, K., Villarreal, B., Wu, V. C., & Heckhausen, J. (2016). Parents still matter: Patterns of shared agency with parents predict college students’ academic motivation and achievement. Motivation Science, 2(2), 97-115. https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000033
Kulakow, S. (2020). Academic self-concept and achievement motivation among adolescent students in different learning environments: Does competence-support matter? Learning and Motivation, 70, 101632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2020.101632
Kwok, O.-M., Cheung, M. W. L., Jak, S., Ryu, E., & Wu, J.-Y. (2018). Recent advancements in structural equation modeling (SEM): From both methodological and application perspectives. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1936. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01936
Kwon, M., Lee, J.-Y., Won, W.-Y., Park, J.-W., Min, J.-A., Hahn, C., Gu, X., Choi, J.-H., & Kim, D.-J. (2013). Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale (SAS). PLoS One, 8(2), e56936. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056936
Lau, E. Y. H., & Cheng, D. P. W. (2016). An exploration of the participation of kindergarten-aged Hong Kong children in extra curricular activities. Journal of Early Childhood Research, 14(3), 294-309. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476718X14552873
Lazarides, R., & Raufelder, D. (2017). Longitudinal effects of student-perceived classroom support on motivation─A latent change model. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 417. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00417
LeMoyne, T., & Buchanan, T. (2011). Does “hovering” matter? Helicopter parenting and its effect on well-being. Sociological Spectrum, 31(4), 399-418. https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2011.574038
Levpušček, M. P., & Zupančič, M. (2009). Math achievement in early adolescence: The role of parental involvement, teachers’ behavior, and students’ motivational beliefs about math. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 29(4), 541-570. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431608324189
Levy, D. M. (1966). Maternal overprotection. Norton.
Lian, L., You, X.-Q., Huang, J., & Yang, R.-J. (2016). Who overuses smartphones? Roles of virtues and parenting style in smartphone addiction among Chinese college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 65, 92-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.08.027
Lin, Y.-H., Lin, Y.-C., Lin, S.-H., Lee, Y.-H., Lin, P.-H., Chiang, C.-L., Chang, L.-R., Yang, C. C. H., & Kuo, T. B. J. (2017). To use or not to use? Compulsive behavior and its role in smartphone addiction. Translational Psychiatry, 7(2), e1030. https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2017.1
Liu, D., Wang, Z., Yang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, R., & Lin, S. (2019). Perceived autonomy-supportive parenting and internet addiction: Respiratory sinus arrhythmia moderated the mediating effect of basic psychological need satisfaction. Current Psychologys, 40, 4255-4264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00485-6
Liu, Q. Q., Yang, X. J., Hu, Y. T., Zhang, C. Y., & Nie, Y. G. (2020). How and when is family dysfunction associated with adolescent mobile phone addiction? Testing a moderated mediation model. Children and Youth Services Review, 111, 104827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104827
Love, H. (2016). A new approach to measuring helicopter parenting: The multidimensional helicopter parenting scale [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Illinois State University. https://doi.org/10.30707/ETD2016.Love.H
Love, H., May, R. W., Cui, M., & Fincham, F. D. (2020). Helicopter parenting, self-control, and school burnout among emerging adults. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29, 327-337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-019-01560-z
Mabbe, E., Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., van der Kaap-Deeder, J., & Mouratidis, A. (2018). Day-to-day variation in autonomy-supportive and psychologically controlling parenting: The role of parents’ daily experiences of need satisfaction and need frustration. Parenting, 18(2), 86-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2018.1444131
Maccoby, E. E., & Martin, J. A. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. In P. H. Mussen & E. M. Hetherington (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 4. Socialization, personality, and social development (pp. 1-101). Wiley.
McDaniel, B. T., & Radesky, J. S. (2018). Technoference: Parent distraction with technology and associations with child behavior problems. Child Development, 89(1), 100-109. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12822
Mok, J.-Y., Choi, S.-W., Kim, D.-J., Choi, J.-S., Lee, J., Ahn, H., Choi, E.-J., & Song, W. Y. (2014). Latent class analysis on internet and smartphone addiction in college students. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 10, 817-828. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S59293
Murray, K. M., Byrne, D. G., & Rieger, E. (2011). Investigating adolescent stress and body image. Journal of Adolescence, 34(2), 269-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2010.05.004
Niggli, A., Trautwein, U., Schnyder, I., Lüdtke, O., & Neumann, M. (2007). Parental homework support can be beneficial, but parental intrusion is detrimental: Family background, parental homework supervision, and performance gains. Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 54 (1), 1-14.
Noë, B., Turner, L. D., Linden, D. E. J., Allen, S. M., Winkens, B., & Whitaker, R. M. (2019). Identifying indicators of smartphone addiction through user-app interaction. Computers in Human Behavior, 99, 56-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.04.023
Odenweller, K. G., Booth-Butterfield, M., & Weber, K. (2014). Investigating helicopter parenting, family environments, and relational outcomes for millennials. Communication Studies, 65(4), 407-425. https://doi.org/10.1080/10510974.2013.811434
Otani, M. (2019). Relationships between parental involvement and adolescents’ academic achievement and aspiration. International Journal of Educational Research, 94, 168-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2019.01.005
Padilla-Walker, L. M., & Nelson, L. J. (2012). Black hawk down? Establishing helicopter parenting as a distinct construct from other forms of parental control during emerging adulthood. Journal of Adolescence, 35(5), 1177-1190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.03.007
Paek, K.-S. (2019). The factors related to the smartphone addiction of undergraduate students. Medico-Legal Update, 19(1), 732-737. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-1283.2019.00128.2
Pinquart, M., & Kauser, R. (2018). Do the associations of parenting styles with behavior problems and academic achievement vary by culture? Results from a meta-analysis. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 24(1), 75-100. https://doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000149
Pomerantz, E. M., & Eaton, M. M. (2001). Maternal intrusive support in the academic context: Transactional socialization processes. Developmental Psychology, 37(2), 174-186. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.37.2.174
Rainey, A. (2006). Survey provides further evidence of high parental involvement with college students. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 52(32), 39-43.
Reed, K., Duncan, J. M., Lucier-Greer, M., Fixelle, C., & Ferraro, A. J. (2016). Helicopter parenting and emerging adult self-efficacy: Implications for mental and physical health. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25(10), 3136-3149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0466-x
Rogers, M. A., Theule, J., Ryan, B. A., Adams, G. R., & Keating, L. (2009). Parental involvement and children’s school achievement: Evidence for mediating processes. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 24(1), 34-57. https://doi.org/10.1177/0829573508328445
Roser, K., Schoeni, A., Foerster, M., & Röösli, M. (2016). Problematic mobile phone use of Swiss adolescents: Is it linked with mental health or behaviour? International Journal of Public Health, 61(3), 307-315. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0751-2
Rozgonjuk, D., Kattago, M., & Täht, K. (2018). Social media use in lectures mediates the relationship between procrastination and problematic smartphone use. Computers in Human Behavior, 89, 191-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.08.003
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
Ryan, R. M., & Moller, A. C. (2017). Competence as central, but not sufficient, for high quality motivation: A self-determination theory perspective. In A. J. Elliot, C. S. Dweck, & D. S. Yeager (Eds.), Handbook of competence and motivation: Theory and application (pp. 214-231). Guilford Press.
Sangawi, H., Adams, J., & Reissland, N. (2015). The effects of parenting styles on behavioral problems in primary school children: A cross-cultural review. Asian Social Science, 11(22), 171-186. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v11n22p171
Sapacz, M., Rockman, G., & Clark, J. (2016). Are we addicted to our cell phones? Computers in Human Behavior, 57, 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.004
Schiffrin, H. H., & Liss, M. (2017). The effects of helicopter parenting on academic motivation. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26(5), 1472-1480. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0658-z
Segrin, C., Givertz, M., Swaitkowski, P., & Montgomery, N. (2015). Overparenting is associated with child problems and a critical family environment. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24, 470-479. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-013-9858-3
Segrin, C., Woszidlo, A., Givertz, M., & Montgomery, N. (2013). Parent and child traits associated with overparenting. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 32(6), 569-595. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2013.32.6.569
Segrin, C., Woszidlo, A., Givertz, M., Bauer, A., & Murphy, M. T. (2012). The association between overparenting, parent-child communication, and entitlement and adaptive traits in adult children. Family Relations, 61(2), 237-252. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2011.00689.x
Selya, A. S., Rose, J. S., Dierker, L. C., Hedeker, D., & Mermelstein, R. J. (2012). A practical guide to calculating Cohen’s f², a measure of local effect size, from PROC MIXED. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, 111. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00111
Shahroudi, S., Soltani, F., Nouri, N., & Rigi, A. (2019). The relationship between cell-phone addiction with the academic achievement motivation and academic performance of students in Khash Baluchestan. Shenakht Journal of Psychology & Psychiatry, 5(6), 57-70. https://doi.org/10.29252/shenakht.5.6.57
Soh, P. C.-H., Chew, K. W., Koay, K. Y., & Ang, P. H. (2018). Parents vs peers’ influence on teenagers’ Internet addiction and risky online activities. Telematics and Informatics, 35(1), 225-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2017.11.003
Somers, P., & Settle, J. (2010). The helicopter parent: Research toward a typology (Part I). College and University, 86(1), 18-27.
Tamura, H., Nishida, T., Tsuji, A., & Sakakibara, H. (2017). Association between excessive use of mobile phone and insomnia and depression among Japanese adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(7), 701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14070701
Throuvala, M. A., Griffiths, M. D., Rennoldson, M., & Kuss, D. J. (2019). Motivational processes and dysfunctional mechanisms of social media use among adolescents: A qualitative focus group study. Computers in Human Behavior, 93, 164-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.12.012
Urdan, T., & Kaplan, A. (2020). The origins, evolution, and future directions of achievement goal theory. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 61, 101862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2020.101862
van Ingen, D. J., Freiheit, S. R., Steinfeldt, J. A., Moore, L. L., Wimer, D. J., Knutt, A. D., Scapinello, S., & Roberts, A. (2015). Helicopter parenting: The effect of an overbearing caregiving style on peer attachment and self-efficacy. Journal of College Counseling, 18(1), 7-20. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1882.2015.00065.x
Van Petegem, S., Antonietti, J.-P., Nunes, C. E., Kins, E., & Soenens, B. (2020). The relationship between maternal overprotection, adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems, and psychological need frustration: A multi-informant study using response surface analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 49, 162-177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-01126-8
Weltevreden, G. M., van Hooft, E. A. J., & van Vianen, A. E. M. (2018). Parental behavior and adolescent’s achievement goals in sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 39, 122-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.08.004
Wigfield, A., Eccles, J. S., Fredricks, J. A., Simpkins, S., Roeser, R. W., & Schiefele, U. (2015). Development of achievement motivation and engagement. In M. E. Lamb & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science: Socioemotional processes (pp. 657-700). John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy316
Yang, J., & Zhao, X. (2020). Parenting styles and children’s academic performance: Evidence from middle schools in China. Children and Youth Services Review, 113, 105017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105017
Yildirim, S. (2012). Teacher support, motivation, learning strategy use, and achievement: A multilevel mediation model. The Journal of Experimental Education, 80(2), 150-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2011.596855
Zare, E., Jabbari, T., & Bafrooei, K. B. (2019). Investigating the relationship between the amount and the way of using mobile phones with achievement motivation and educational among female students in Yazd City. The Journal of Toloo-e-behasht, 18(4), 79-88. https://doi.org/10.18502/tbj.v18i4.1859
Zhang, R.-P., Bai, B.-Y., Jiang, S., Yang, S., & Zhou, Q. (2019). Parenting styles and internet addiction in Chinese adolescents: Conscientiousness as a mediator and teacher support as a moderator. Computers in Human Behavior, 101, 144-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.07.019
Zhao, F., Zhang, Z.-H., Bi, L., Wu, X.-S., Wang, W.-J., Li, Y.-F., & Sun, Y.-H. (2017). The association between life events and internet addiction among Chinese vocational school students: The mediating role of depression. Computers in Human Behavior, 70, 30-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.12.057
Zhu, J.-J., Zhang, W., Yu, C.-F., & Bao, Z.-Z. (2015). Early adolescent Internet game addiction in context: How parents, school, and peers impact youth. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 159-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.03.079

中文APA引文格式	洪榮昭、葉貞妮、葉建宏、王志美、崔鈺婷（2021）。技術型高中學生的媽寶行為覺知、學業成就動機與手機成癮之相關研究。教育科學研究期刊，66（4），1-33。https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.202112_66(4).0001
APA Format	Hong, J.-C., Ye, J.-N., Ye, J.-H., Wang, C.-M., & Cui, Y.-T. (2021). Perceived helicopter parenting related to vocational senior high school students’ academic achievement and smartphone addiction. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 66(4), 1-33. https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.202112_66(4).0001

Journal directory listing - Volume 66 (2021) - Journal of Research in Education Sciences【66(4)】December (Special Issue: Addictive Behavior and Prevention and Control on Campus)

Top

(Special Issue) Perceived Helicopter Parenting Related to Vocational Senior High School Students’ Academic Achievement and Smartphone Addiction Author: Jon-Chao Hong (Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University), Jhen-Ni Ye (Graduate Institute of Technological & Vocational Education, National Taipei University of Technology), Jian-Hong Ye (Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University; Dhurakij Pundit University), Chih-Mei Wang (Department of Industrial Education, National Taiwan Normal University), Yu-Ting Cui (Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University)

Vol.&No.：Vol. 66, No. 4
Date：December 2021
Pages：1-33
DOI：https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.202112_66(4).0001

Abstract：
Background and Purpose of Research
Adolescents use their smartphones for various purposes, for example, following distance/online learning, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, staying in touch with friends, having fun using social media tools. According to the social ecological model, risk behaviors, like substance consumption, are regarded as behavior problems. Relatively, etiology is derived of youths’ embeddedness surrounded by their social networks, mainly throughout sensitive development periods (Bishop et al., 2020). Given the prevalence of smartphone addiction among young students, previous studies have explored the relationships between smartphone addiction and students’ learning and indicated there is negative outcomes of smartphone resulting from overuse of mobile phones, including poor sleep quality. However, there some antecedents of smartphone addiction which has not extendedly studied, for example, parenting style, thus, the present study aimed to explore the correlates between parenting styles, academic achievement and smartphone addiction.
Parenting that reflects a combination of support and behavioral control has been linked to numerous indices of academic well-being and live functioning from early childhood through adolescence. In regarding the term helicopter parenting indicated that parents involve hovering behaviors and are potentially over-involved in the lives of their child or in their academic work (Padilla-Walker & Nelson, 2012). But empirical research has not adequately used these two construct from other controlling parenting practices to predict children’s smartphone addiction, thus, the present study applied two types of helicopter parenting: live hovering and academic hovering of parenting for of emerging adults, to explain the prediction of children’s smartphone addiction.
According to Bronfenbrenner (1979) micro ecological system that discusses the association between person-process-content (PPC), who described “person-process-context model” (PPCM) that occurs variability in development procedure as considered in this paper as a functional context (mobile phone usage), person (parenting styles) and process (academic achievement). Not only has cultural ecology be likely to pursue its complications in issues originating from social and cultural topics, but intricate schools of understanding of culture-nature relationship have developed for certain risk behavior. For example, helicopter parenting is more obvious in Chinese families than Western ones, even though the parents want their children to grow up to be independent and think for themselves. Particularly, Chinese parents are more concerned about their children’s schoolwork when they are teenagers, which leads to increased helicopter parenting problems, exacerbating issues such as lack of independence, lack of control, and not knowing how to self-manage smartphone use, which can in turn lead to smartphone addiction. If parents are in constant hovering of their children’s lives or schoolwork, children develop dependent behaviors. Some studies have indicated that a child’s dependent behaviors result in lower motivation to learn and reduced academic achievement. In line with this, drawn on PPCM to understanding the role of academic hovering and live hovering affect participants’ smartphone addiction mediated by academic achievement, hypotheses are proposed as follows.
Hypotheses
(1) Live hovering has a negative effect on academic achievement.
(2) Academic hovering has a negative effect on academic achievement.
(3) Academic achievement has a negative effect on smartphone addiction.
(4) Live hovering has a positive effect on smartphone addiction.
(5) Academic hovering has a positive effect on smartphone addiction.
Methodology
Questionnaire was designed by adapting and translated from previous researched and gave to domain experts to ensure the content validity. Afterward, a purposive sampling was adapted in this study, a total of 400 questionnaires were distributed to 4 vocational senior high schools located in Taipei City. 354 of which were collected, resulting in a questionnaire collection rate of 88.5%. After 64 invalid questionnaires were excluded, 290 valid questionnaires remained, resulting in a valid questionnaire collection rate of 81.92%. Factor analysis was conducted on the valid questionnaires.
Results
First, helicopter parenting, live and academic hovering had a negative association with academic achievement, with an explanatory power of 20.8%. Second, academic achievement had a negative association with smartphone addiction, with an explanatory power of 38.6%. Third, helicopter parenting had a negative association with smartphone addiction. Fourth, academic hovering had a negative association with smartphone addiction mediated by academic achievement, with an explanatory power of 20.8%.
The results of the study thus indicate that young people who are not independent in life or schoolwork tend to rely on their parents, are less able to control their smartphone use, and are more likely to develop smartphone addiction. By contrast, young people who are independent in life and schoolwork and do not need to rely on their parents have control over their smartphone use and are less likely to develop smartphone addiction.
Conclusions and Recommendations
The results of this study demonstrate that if vocational senior high school students are overly dependent on their parents in life or schoolwork, they may have lower academic achievement and therefore, they are not motivated to achieve strong academic results and will not restrain their desire to spend time on using smartphone, resulting in a tendency toward smartphone addiction. However, when vocational senior high school students do not have to rely on their parents to a great extent in life or schoolwork, they are able to act independently, attain high academic achievement, determine what they want to achieve, and arrange how they will accomplish their goals. Therefore, they have the ability to control the time they spend using their phones and will not develop smartphone addiction. This study suggests that parents should let their children learn to be independent and autonomous, which should help to effectively reduce the problem of smartphone addiction.
Finally, conducting this study highlighted possibilities for future research. Some studies suggest that fathers and mothers do not necessarily share the same parenting style, and hence, it is suggested that in a questionnaire survey, the hovering styles of fathers and mothers could be differentiated and then analyzed through a differential analysis. In addition, some smartphone use can be designed with time of use to control using time (e.g., Chinese government limited the hours for children to use smartphone). However, how is the effect of the regulation to students’ smartphone addiction should be further studied.

Keywords：person-process-content, smartphone addiction, micro ecological system, perceived helicopter parenting, academic achievement

本網站獲「科技部人文社會科學研究中心」補助

地址：臺北市大安區和平東路一段162號國立臺灣師範大學圖書館出版中心

電話：(02)7749-5279

CONTRIBUTORSNOTICE

期刊目錄列表 - 66卷(2021) - 【教育科學研究期刊】66(4)十二月刊（本期專題：校園成癮行為暨防制） 回上一頁

Journal directory listing - Volume 66 (2021) - Journal of Research in Education Sciences【66(4)】December (Special Issue: Addictive Behavior and Prevention and Control on Campus) Top

CONTRIBUTORS
NOTICE

期刊目錄列表 - 66卷(2021) - 【教育科學研究期刊】66(4)十二月刊（本期專題：校園成癮行為暨防制）

回上一頁

Journal directory listing - Volume 66 (2021) - Journal of Research in Education Sciences【66(4)】December (Special Issue: Addictive Behavior and Prevention and Control on Campus)

Top